Abstract Thinking (4 Tips for Writing an Abstract)

Abstract Thinking (4 Tips for Writing an Abstract) Abstract Thinking (4 Tips for Writing an Abstract) An abstract is a short summary of a larger work, providing a convenient way for readers to quickly comprehend its contents. This makes abstracts an essential part of academic writing. In fact, students and academics have to write abstracts for everything from funding applications and conference papers to PhD dissertations and textbooks. Learning how to write an effective abstract is, therefore, highly advised. 1. Descriptive or Informative? There are two main kinds of abstract: descriptive and informative. A descriptive abstract briefly describes the subject area and issue addressed by a paper. This may include the aims of the research and methods used, but not the results or conclusions. An informative abstract, meanwhile, should do everything that a descriptive abstract does plus outline any results, conclusions and recommendations made by the author. This makes it like a shortened version of the paper, rather than simply a description. Make sure you know what kind of abstract you’ve been asked to write. As a general rule, descriptive abstracts will be shorter (often no more than 100 words), while informative abstracts can be longer (check your style guide or ask your supervisor if you’re unsure). 2. Keywords You may be asked to provide a list of keywords as well as an abstract. These are important terms used for indexing and searching articles, making them vital to your work being found. Even if you’re not required to provide a list of keywords, including important terminology in your abstract is a good way of making it easier to access via databases and search engines. 3. Keeping it Self-Contained An abstract should be self-contained and tell readers everything they need to know before deciding whether to read a work in full. As such, avoid vague statements that require further explanation or confusing terminology that needs defining. One tip here is to have your abstract checked by someone who hasn’t read your work. If they can understand what your research is about from the abstract, you’re on the right track. If they react like this, however, redrafting might be a good idea. (Photo: LaurMG/wikimedia) 4. The Anatomy of an Abstract The exact content of your abstract will depend on the type of abstract you’ve been asked to write. Nevertheless, we can set out a few questions that a good abstract should answer: Motivations – Why is the research important? Why should the reader be interested? Problem – What problem are you addressing? What is the scope of your argument? Methodology – How do you attempt to solve the problem? Which variables are tested? What kind of data is gathered? Results – What results did you achieve? Is there key data that can be included here? Conclusion – What conclusions are drawn on the basis of the findings? Are any recommendations made as a result? If you touch upon all these factors, while being careful to stick to the word limit, you should end up with a high quality abstract suitable for publication.

Free Essays on The Trophy Husband

Editha meets her fiancà © under rather boring and lackluster circumstances. Her fiancà ©, George Gearson was simply a male friend and in a moment that she could not take back, she had accepted his proposal of marriage, â€Å"George Gearson had simply asked her for her love†¦, and she gave her love to him, without, as it were thinking (258).† Editha is seeking her knight in shining armor. She wants to experience the â€Å"high† of being with a man who could â€Å"do something worthy to have won her (259).† This woman, not satisfied with the state of her relationship chooses to change it. A war is taking place and Editha sets into motion a plan of action that will have George be an active participant in it. This paper will attempt to illustrate the persuasive techniques of an idealistic woman in her quest for the â€Å"trophy husband†. Throughout history men have lived and died for their religious beliefs. Wars have been won and battles have been lost in the name of higher deities. Both men and women have taken up the sword in the name of a higher power. From the Crusades to the recent tragedy in New York, strong and charismatic leaders have taken men and filled them with religious fervor in order to get them to do what they believe is right. Editha attempts to fill George with this type of religious zeal. George is solemn and depressed about the war (258). He also has an antiwar mentality and declares, â€Å"But war! Is it glorious to break the peace of the world? (259).† Editha seeks to change George’s views on war by bringing into question his loyalty to God. Editha would like George to fight in this war and assumes the role of a charismatic religious leader and attempts to alter George’s beliefs about the war. Editha tries to convince George that the war is part of God’s ma ster plan. Editha informs! George â€Å"that it wouldn’t have come to this, if it hadn’t been in the order of Providence (259).† She tells G... Free Essays on The Trophy Husband Free Essays on The Trophy Husband Editha meets her fiancà © under rather boring and lackluster circumstances. Her fiancà ©, George Gearson was simply a male friend and in a moment that she could not take back, she had accepted his proposal of marriage, â€Å"George Gearson had simply asked her for her love†¦, and she gave her love to him, without, as it were thinking (258).† Editha is seeking her knight in shining armor. She wants to experience the â€Å"high† of being with a man who could â€Å"do something worthy to have won her (259).† This woman, not satisfied with the state of her relationship chooses to change it. A war is taking place and Editha sets into motion a plan of action that will have George be an active participant in it. This paper will attempt to illustrate the persuasive techniques of an idealistic woman in her quest for the â€Å"trophy husband†. Throughout history men have lived and died for their religious beliefs. Wars have been won and battles have been lost in the name of higher deities. Both men and women have taken up the sword in the name of a higher power. From the Crusades to the recent tragedy in New York, strong and charismatic leaders have taken men and filled them with religious fervor in order to get them to do what they believe is right. Editha attempts to fill George with this type of religious zeal. George is solemn and depressed about the war (258). He also has an antiwar mentality and declares, â€Å"But war! Is it glorious to break the peace of the world? (259).† Editha seeks to change George’s views on war by bringing into question his loyalty to God. Editha would like George to fight in this war and assumes the role of a charismatic religious leader and attempts to alter George’s beliefs about the war. Editha tries to convince George that the war is part of God’s ma ster plan. Editha informs! George â€Å"that it wouldn’t have come to this, if it hadn’t been in the order of Providence (259).† She tells G...

Surrealism and its Inspiration Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Surrealism and its Inspiration - Research Paper Example When Breton designed the cover of ‘Young Cherry Trees Secure against Hare’s surrealism,’ he brought out a strong message for the audience. In the cover, he transformed the commonly known symbol for freedom that bears the face of a woman and replaced it with his own. He realized that he could use what people had prior knowledge to create an impact. He was advocating for the liberty that artists needed. He was defying the old way of thinking that expected artists to express issues that people knew. It is with this thinking that he founded surrealism (Sepp and Lester 78). With such thinking in the artist’s mind, disorder may result because odd ideas from the subconscious mind come out. One of the famous surrealists of the time was Salvador Dali. Dali started out as a poet but diversified to being an author of books and painter. Dali was a vocal artist who defended his wild pieces of work and asserted that he did not need to understand them himself. As long as they were coming from his subconscious mind, he did not have to hold back from expressing himself. As a result, Dali produced work that amazes anyone seeking to appreciate his pieces of work. One of the images that has evoked the imagination and attention of people over time is the painting Dali named the ‘persistence of memory’. In this painting, he portrayed soft watches hanging on a rock, on a tree and on another surface that is not very clear. The unique thing about these watches is that they are melting. The persistence of memory attracted a lot of interpretation and different opinions on the interpretation. The fact that watches were melting seemed to suggest something that was continuously happening to time. Many guessed that the painting was a reflection of the relativity between... Surrealism and its Inspiration This paper will consider how much order one can find in the artwork of some of the surrealist artists. In addition, the paper will consider whether the unrealistic images portrayed have meaning in real life. An analysis of Andre Breton’s description of surrealism because he developed the entire concept will give an insight of the real surrealistic art. Breton was a poet and novelist. There are unique things that happened to Breton that led to the development of surrealism. When he was studying medicine, he got an introduction into Sigmund Freud. Freud was a psychoanalyst who had developed theories explaining the potential of the mind to carry out multiple amazing functions. From these theories, Breton adopted new attitude of writing. Having realized that the mind had potential that he imagined, Breton explored new ways of writing (Sepp and Lester 78). The second influence came from the Dadaists who influenced his thinking. He defied the dada movement later because he wanted an art movement that allowed him to express himself without the need to reason. In 1924, he managed to describe surrealism fully in a manifesto. This manifesto emphasized the power of imagination. Visual arts have had a significant growth since the early 1900s. As presented in this paper, Surrealism, just like other visual arts has had an interesting history. Worth noting, it is evident that understanding the themes behind surrealistic arts may not be easy. This is because the themes do not appear on the surface. So much disorder seems to appear for interpreter.